Palliative Care and CBD: A Guide for the UK

Palliative care focuses on improving the quality of life for individuals with serious or terminal illnesses. It addresses physical symptoms, emotional well-being, and spiritual needs, ensuring holistic support for patients and their families. In recent years, cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating compound derived from the cannabis plant, has gained attention as a potential aid in palliative care. This blog explores the role of CBD in palliative care, particularly within the context of the UK.

What is palliative care?

Palliative care is not about curing an illness but providing relief from symptoms and enhancing comfort. Patients with advanced conditions can receive it alongside curative treatments or as their primary focus. Key areas addressed include:

• Pain management
• Relief from symptoms like nausea, fatigue, or breathlessness
• Emotional and psychological support
• Assistance with decision-making and future planning

Hospices, hospitals, community services, and GP practices in the UK deliver palliative care, with the NHS providing a significant portion of this support.

What is CBD?

CBD is one of over 100 cannabinoids found in the cannabis plant. Unlike tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD does not produce a “high.” It interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which regulates processes such as mood, pain, and inflammation. CBD products are widely available in the UK in forms such as oils, capsules, creams, and edibles.

CBD has potential benefits in palliative care

Research on CBD’s effectiveness in palliative care is still in its early stages, but existing studies and anecdotal reports highlight several potential benefits:

1. Pain Relief
   Chronic pain is one of the most common symptoms managed in palliative care. CBD may help reduce pain by influencing the body’s pain perception pathways and reducing inflammation.
2. Reduction in Nausea and Vomiting
   Many patients undergoing treatments like chemotherapy experience nausea and vomiting. CBD, sometimes combined with low doses of THC, has shown promise in alleviating these symptoms.
3. Improved Sleep Quality
   Restless nights can exacerbate a patient’s discomfort. CBD may support better sleep by reducing anxiety and promoting relaxation.
4. Anxiety and Depression Management
   Facing a terminal illness can take a significant toll on mental health. CBD has shown potential in reducing anxiety and improving mood without the side effects of some traditional medications.
5. Appetite Stimulation
   Loss of appetite can lead to malnutrition in palliative patients. While THC is more effective for appetite stimulation, some CBD users report an increase in appetite.

Legal and regulatory considerations in the UK

CBD products derived from industrial hemp and containing no more than 0.2% THC are legal in the UK. However, medical cannabis, which may include both CBD and THC, is available only by prescription and is typically reserved for specific conditions such as severe epilepsy or chemotherapy-induced nausea. Patients considering CBD for palliative care should consult their healthcare provider and ensure they purchase products from reputable suppliers.

Choosing the right CBD product

When selecting CBD for palliative care, consider the following:

1. Type of Product
   • Oils for sublingual use offer rapid absorption.
   • Capsules provide consistent dosing.
   • Topicals are ideal for localised pain relief.
2. Dosage
   Start with a low dose and gradually adjust. Always follow medical advice regarding dosage.
3. Quality Assurance
   To ensure purity and potency, look for products that have undergone third-party testing.
4. Full-Spectrum vs. Isolate
   • Full-spectrum CBD contains a range of cannabinoids and terpenes, which may enhance effectiveness through the entourage effect.
   • Those who completely avoid THC may prefer CBD isolate, which is pure CBD.

Integrating CBD into palliative care plans

CBD should be considered a complementary option rather than a standalone treatment. Collaborate with your palliative care team to determine whether CBD fits within your care plan. Key considerations include:

• Safety: Discuss potential interactions with existing medications.
• Efficacy: Monitor symptom relief and adjust usage accordingly.
• Support: Use CBD in conjunction with other therapies for holistic care.

Final thoughts

CBD holds promise as a supportive tool in palliative care, offering potential relief from pain, anxiety, and other debilitating symptoms. However, further research is necessary to fully comprehend its role and effectiveness. In the UK, patients interested in CBD should consult their healthcare providers and ensure compliance with local regulations.

With proper guidance and careful consideration, CBD could serve as a valuable component of palliative care, enhancing comfort and quality of life for patients during challenging times.

If you or a loved one are considering CBD, start the conversation with your palliative care team today.